CONNECTORS, RELATIVE CLAUSE, AND ADJECTIVE & ADVERB

CONNECTORS, RELATIVE CLAUSE, AND ADJECTIVE & ADVERB

            Name : Ruth Apriyana Tri Ayu

          Npm  : 19211500

          Class : 4EA17

1.      Connectors

·         Definition Of Connectors

Connectors is a word that is often used in combining two or more sentences into one sentence. In other words, connectors can be interpreted into a word that is used as connecting two or more sentences into one sentence staple.

·         Classification Of Connectors

Based on its use, connectors are divided into three, namely as follows:

a.       Subordinating Conjunction

Subordinating conjunction is used because it has a function as a liaison between the main clause by clause. Parent sentence is the core subject of the sentence, while the clause is an explanation of the main clause. The layout of the parent's own words can be in front of or behind the sentence.

Subordinating conjunction: Parent connector sentence + Password + Hygiene Sentence

     Sentence Hygiene + Password + Parent connector Sentence

Here are a few examples of conjunctive classified as subordinating Conjunction:

Kata sambung	Arti		Kata sambung	Arti
After	Setelah		Who	Siapa
Before	Sebelum		Which	Yang mana
Because	Karena		Whoever	Siapapun
If	Jika		Wherever	Di manapun
As	Sebagai		Whereas	Sedangkan
Although	Meskipun		Whenever	Kapanpun
Though	Meskipun		As long as	Selama
Than	Daripada		As much as	Sebanyak
That	Bahwa		As if	Seolah-olah
Since	Sejak		Lest	Jangan sampai
Until	Sampai		Unless	Kecuali jika
Whether	Apakah		Even	Bahkan
While	Sementara		Even though	Meskipun
Why	Kenapa		In order that	Agar
Where	Di mana		Etc…

Example for subordinating conjunction:

-          Dina lived in tokyo while his mother lived in Indonesia.

Dina tinggal di tokyo sementara ibunya tinggal di indonesia.

Induk kalimat               SC                        Anak kalimat

-          Reno getting the highest score in his class because he diligently studied.

Reno mendapatkan nilai tertinggi di kelasnya karena dia rajin belajar.

Induk kalimat                                  SC           Anak kalimat

-          They go buy the book after my return.

Mereka pergi membeli buku setelah saya pulang.

Anak kalimat           SC        Induk kalimat

Note : SC → Subordinating Conjunction

b.      Coordinating Conjunction

Coordinating conjunction is a word that is used as a connector of two series of words that have the same position, in the sense that nothing is explained and no one explains. No parent or child of the coordinating conjunction sentence.

Here are a few examples of conjunctive classified in this function:

Kata sambung	Arti
And	Dan
But	Tapi
Or	Atau
So	Jadi
For	Untuk
Yet	Namun
However	Namun
Nor	Maupun
Etc..

Example for coordinating conjunction:

-          She is rich and smart.

(Dia kaya dan pintar).

-          Andi is not smart but diligent.

(Andi tidak pintar tapi rajin).

-          Dina or Ani

(Dina atau Ani sama-sama cantik).

c.       Correlative Conjunction

Correlative conjunction is a word that is used to connect a link between words, can also be to connect phrase and clause.

Here are some examples of correlative conjunction:

Kata sambung

Either..or..

Neither.. nor..

Not only..but also..

As..as..

Both.. and..

From.. to..

Not.. but..

Etc..

Example for correlative conjunction:

-          Rini is as beautiful as her sister.

(Rini secantik saudara perempuannya.)

-          He loves both swimming and running.

(Dia suka baik renang maupun lari.)

-          The woman is neither beautiful nor faithful.

(Wanita itu tidak cantik ataupun setia.)

2.      Relative Clause

·         Definition Of Relative Clause

Relative clause is a word that is used to connect objects or people with phrases behind.

Here below is an example of connecting words to relative clause:

Relative Clause
Who	Menerangkan Orang Sebagai Subject
Whom	Menerangkan Kan Orang Sebagai Object (Menggantikan Me, You, Us, Him, Her, Them, It)
Whose	Menerangkan Orang Sebagai Pemilik (Menggantikan My, Your, Our, His, Her, Their, Its)
Which	Menerangkan Benda Sebagai Subject Maupun Object
That	Menerangkan Orang Atau Benda Baik Sebagai Subject Maupun Object

Example for relative clause:

-          She  met a man who is kind to everybody.

-          The man whom I called gave me some information.

-          I know the woman whose bike is lost.

-          I'll show you the ring which he gave to me.

-          The woman with whom you came to the party is my father.

3.      Adjective dan Adverb

·         Definition of Adverb

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverb, determiner, noun phrase, clause or sentence. Adverbs typically express manner, place, time, frequency, degree, level of certainty, etc. Answering questions such as how, in what way, when, where and to what extent. This function is called the adverbial function, and may be realised by single words (adverbs) or by multi-word expressions (adverbial phrases and adverbial clauses).

·         Adjectives

Adjective is a word used to describe a noun or pronoun that can be a person (person), where (place), animal (animal), objects or abstract concepts. English adjective is one of the eight parts of speech.

-          Type Of Adjectives

      Adjectives Modify Nouns

The word elephant is a noun. Adjectives are added to nouns to state what kind, what colour, which one or how many. Adjectives are said to modify nouns and are necessary to make the meanings of sentences clearer or more exact.

Examples:

o   Follow the yellow cab.

(In this example, the adjective yellow modifies the noun cab.)

o   Craig caught a large bass.

(In this example, the adjective large modifies the noun bass.)

o   The principal words should be in bold.

(Beware of the adjective principal - see right)

      Adjectives Modify Pronouns

Although less common, adjectives can also modify pronouns.

Examples:

o   It is a blue one.

(In this example, the adjective blue modifies the pronoun one.)

      The Different Types Of Adjectives

Adjectives are describing words. However, there are many other words that are classified as adjectives, some of which do not fall easily under this description.

o   Possessive Adjectives

Possessive adjectives are used to show possession. They are my, your,his, her, its, our and their. (They are a type of possessive pronoun.)

o   The Articles

The words a, an, and the are known as articles. They are classified as adjectives. A and an are called the indefinite articles because they are used to indicate non-specific people or things. The is called the definite article because it does indicate a specific person or thing.

o   Demonstrative Adjectives

Demonstrative adjectives are used to demonstrate or indicate specific things. This, that, these and those are all demonstrative adjectives. If I hear that parrot again, I will call the RSPCA.

o   Indefinite Adjectives

Unlike demonstrative adjectives, which indicate specific items, indefinite adjectives do not point out specific things. They are formed fromindefinite pronouns. The most common indefinite adjectives are no, any,many, few and several.

o   Numbers

Numbers are classified as adjectives too.

v  Four dolphins stayed with the boat until dawn.

(The adjective four modifies the noun dolphins.)

v  All we could muster was 9 cans of beans.

(The adjective 9 modifies the noun cans.)

      The Use Of Adverb and Adjectives

Adverbs are used to give us more information about a verb. They give us information on how something happens or how something is done.

Verb + adverb

For example:

§  She cried badly when her dog died.

                                    ↓       ↓

                                    Verb   Adverb

§  He easily climbed the wall.

                              ↓            ↓

                          Verb      Adverb

Many English adverbs end in –ly. They are often made by adding –ly to the end of an adjective: quick + ly = quickly

Sometimes adjectives end in –ly.

For example: Friendly, lonely and lovely.

    Note :                        

No adverb with the following verbs → Forms of to be: am, is, are, was, were,   have been, had been, will be.

      Adjectives

Adjectives are used to tell us about nouns. They tell us about people and things.

For example :

o   That was a bad film.

                               ↓

                          Adjectives

o   My exam was easy.

                                           ↓

                                     Adjectives

      Adverb + adjective

Adverbs can be used with adjectives. Take a look at the following examples:

Example :

o   Her necklace was horribly expensive.

                                                  ↓             ↓

                                          Adverb      Adjectives

o   She was terribly sorry.

                                    ↓           ↓

                          Adverb          Adjectives

      The Difference Of Adverb and Adjective

o   An adjective tells us more about a noun.

Example: an expensive car, a clever girl

o   An adverb tells us more about a verb.

Example: He talked nervously.

Source :

http://belajarbahasainggrisonline-gratis.blogspot.com/2014/10/kata-penghubung-dalam-bahasa-inggris-conjunction.html http://novenrique.blogspot.com/2010/02/relative-clause-adalah-bagian-dari.html

http://www.english-4u.de/adjective_adverb.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverb

http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-macam-contoh-kalimat-adjectives

http://www.grammar-monster.com/lessons/adjectives.htm http://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/how-use-adjectives-and-adverbs