Sabtu, 13 Juni 2015

CONNECTORS, RELATIVE CLAUSE, AND ADJECTIVE & ADVERB

CONNECTORS, RELATIVE CLAUSE, AND ADJECTIVE & ADVERB

            Name : Ruth Apriyana Tri Ayu
          Npm  : 19211500
          Class : 4EA17
1.      Connectors
·         Definition Of Connectors
Connectors is a word that is often used in combining two or more sentences into one sentence. In other words, connectors can be interpreted into a word that is used as connecting two or more sentences into one sentence staple.

·         Classification Of Connectors
Based on its use, connectors are divided into three, namely as follows:
a.       Subordinating Conjunction
Subordinating conjunction is used because it has a function as a liaison between the main clause by clause. Parent sentence is the core subject of the sentence, while the clause is an explanation of the main clause. The layout of the parent's own words can be in front of or behind the sentence.

Subordinating conjunction: Parent connector sentence + Password + Hygiene Sentence
     Sentence Hygiene + Password + Parent connector Sentence

Here are a few examples of conjunctive classified as subordinating Conjunction:
Kata sambung
Arti
Kata sambung
Arti
After
Setelah
Who
Siapa
Before
Sebelum
Which
Yang mana
Because
Karena
Whoever
Siapapun
If
Jika
Wherever
Di manapun
As
Sebagai
Whereas
Sedangkan
Although
Meskipun
Whenever
Kapanpun
Though
Meskipun
As long as
Selama
Than
Daripada
As much as
Sebanyak
That
Bahwa
As if
Seolah-olah
Since
Sejak
Lest
Jangan sampai
Until
Sampai
Unless
Kecuali jika
Whether
Apakah
Even
Bahkan
While
Sementara
Even though
Meskipun
Why
Kenapa
In order that
Agar
Where
Di mana
Etc…

Example for subordinating conjunction:
-          Dina lived in tokyo while his mother lived in Indonesia.
Dina tinggal di tokyo sementara ibunya tinggal di indonesia.
Induk kalimat               SC                        Anak kalimat
-          Reno getting the highest score in his class because he diligently studied.
Reno mendapatkan nilai tertinggi di kelasnya karena dia rajin belajar.
Induk kalimat                                  SC           Anak kalimat
-          They go buy the book after my return.
Mereka pergi membeli buku setelah saya pulang.
Anak kalimat           SC        Induk kalimat
Note : SC → Subordinating Conjunction
b.      Coordinating Conjunction
Coordinating conjunction is a word that is used as a connector of two series of words that have the same position, in the sense that nothing is explained and no one explains. No parent or child of the coordinating conjunction sentence.

Here are a few examples of conjunctive classified in this function:
Kata sambung
Arti
And
Dan
But
Tapi
Or
Atau
So
Jadi
For
Untuk
Yet
Namun
However
Namun
Nor
Maupun
Etc..

Example for coordinating conjunction:
-          She is rich and smart.
(Dia kaya dan pintar).

-          Andi is not smart but diligent.
(Andi tidak pintar tapi rajin).
-          Dina or Ani
(Dina atau Ani sama-sama cantik).

c.       Correlative Conjunction
Correlative conjunction is a word that is used to connect a link between words, can also be to connect phrase and clause.

Here are some examples of correlative conjunction:
Kata sambung
Either..or..
Neither.. nor..
Not only..but also..
As..as..
Both.. and..
From.. to..
Not.. but..
Etc..

Example for correlative conjunction:
-          Rini is as beautiful as her sister.
(Rini secantik saudara perempuannya.)
-          He loves both swimming and running.
(Dia suka baik renang maupun lari.)
-          The woman is neither beautiful nor faithful.
(Wanita itu tidak cantik ataupun setia.)




2.      Relative Clause
·         Definition Of Relative Clause
Relative clause is a word that is used to connect objects or people with phrases behind.
Here below is an example of connecting words to relative clause:

Relative Clause
Who      
Menerangkan Orang Sebagai Subject
Whom
Menerangkan Kan Orang Sebagai Object (Menggantikan Me, You, Us, Him, Her, Them, It)
Whose
Menerangkan Orang Sebagai Pemilik (Menggantikan My, Your, Our, His, Her, Their, Its)
Which
Menerangkan Benda Sebagai Subject Maupun Object
That
Menerangkan Orang Atau Benda Baik Sebagai Subject Maupun Object

Example for relative clause:
-          She  met a man who is kind to everybody.
-          The man whom I called gave me some information.
-          I know the woman whose bike is lost.
-          I'll show you the ring which he gave to me.
-          The woman with whom you came to the party is my father.

3.      Adjective dan Adverb
·         Definition of Adverb
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverb, determiner, noun phrase, clause or sentence. Adverbs typically express manner, place, time, frequency, degree, level of certainty, etc. Answering questions such as how, in what way, when, where and to what extent. This function is called the adverbial function, and may be realised by single words (adverbs) or by multi-word expressions (adverbial phrases and adverbial clauses).

·         Adjectives
Adjective is a word used to describe a noun or pronoun that can be a person (person), where (place), animal (animal), objects or abstract concepts. English adjective is one of the eight parts of speech.

-          Type Of Adjectives

*      Adjectives Modify Nouns
The word elephant is a noun. Adjectives are added to nouns to state what kind, what colour, which one or how many. Adjectives are said to modify nouns and are necessary to make the meanings of sentences clearer or more exact.

Examples:
o   Follow the yellow cab.
(In this example, the adjective yellow modifies the noun cab.)
o   Craig caught a large bass.
(In this example, the adjective large modifies the noun bass.)
o   The principal words should be in bold.
(Beware of the adjective principal - see right)

*      Adjectives Modify Pronouns
Although less common, adjectives can also modify pronouns.
Examples:
o   It is a blue one.
(In this example, the adjective blue modifies the pronoun one.)

*      The Different Types Of Adjectives
Adjectives are describing words. However, there are many other words that are classified as adjectives, some of which do not fall easily under this description.

o   Possessive Adjectives
Possessive adjectives are used to show possession. They are my, your,his, her, its, our and their. (They are a type of possessive pronoun.)

o   The Articles
The words a, an, and the are known as articles. They are classified as adjectives. A and an are called the indefinite articles because they are used to indicate non-specific people or things. The is called the definite article because it does indicate a specific person or thing.

o   Demonstrative Adjectives
Demonstrative adjectives are used to demonstrate or indicate specific things. This, that, these and those are all demonstrative adjectives. If I hear that parrot again, I will call the RSPCA.

o   Indefinite Adjectives
Unlike demonstrative adjectives, which indicate specific items, indefinite adjectives do not point out specific things. They are formed fromindefinite pronouns. The most common indefinite adjectives are no, any,many, few and several.

o   Numbers
Numbers are classified as adjectives too.

v  Four dolphins stayed with the boat until dawn.
(The adjective four modifies the noun dolphins.)
v  All we could muster was 9 cans of beans.
(The adjective 9 modifies the noun cans.)

*      The Use Of Adverb and Adjectives
Adverbs are used to give us more information about a verb. They give us information on how something happens or how something is done.
Verb + adverb

For example:

§  She cried badly when her dog died.
                                    ↓       ↓
                                    Verb   Adverb
§  He easily climbed the wall.
                              ↓            ↓
                          Verb      Adverb

Many English adverbs end in –ly. They are often made by adding –ly to the end of an adjective: quick + ly = quickly
Sometimes adjectives end in –ly.
For example: Friendly, lonely and lovely.
    Note :                        
No adverb with the following verbs → Forms of to be: am, is, are, was, were,   have been, had been, will be.

*      Adjectives
Adjectives are used to tell us about nouns. They tell us about people and things.

For example :
o   That was a bad film.
                               ↓
                          Adjectives
o   My exam was easy.
                                           ↓
                                     Adjectives


*      Adverb + adjective
Adverbs can be used with adjectives. Take a look at the following examples:
Example :
o   Her necklace was horribly expensive.
                                                  ↓             ↓
                                          Adverb      Adjectives
o   She was terribly sorry.
                                    ↓           ↓
                          Adverb          Adjectives

*      The Difference Of Adverb and Adjective
o   An adjective tells us more about a noun.
Example: an expensive car, a clever girl
o   An adverb tells us more about a verb.
Example: He talked nervously.


Source :

                                             

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